Long-term air pollution affects cardiometabolic health. 2023
Long-term air pollution exposure affects cardiometabolic health indicators, according to a recent Environment International Journal study.
Background
Air pollution increases cardiovascular disease and mortality. Despite the likelihood that early-life air pollution exposure might lead to cardiovascular disease risk factors, little research has examined the connection between chronic air pollution exposure and cardiovascular health indicators in young adults.
Air pollution is connected to early cardiovascular disease symptoms, which can occur years before more serious symptoms.
Study details
Air pollution exposure was linked to hyperlipidemia, hypertension, diabetes, obesity, C-reactive protein (CRP), and metabolic syndrome in this study.
The 1994-95 National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health provided data to the team.
Wave I (WI) in-home interviews included almost 20,000 teenagers. The cohort had four follow-up interviews: WII in 1996, WIII in 2001–2002, WIV in 2008–2009, and WV in 2016–2018. 72% to 90% of waves responded.
The research cohort comprised WI persons who had participated in the WIII and WIV, were geocoded, lived in the continental US, and had non-missing information on important variables including sex, age, and race/ethnicity.
Cardiometabolic health parameters were assessed using Wave IV biological and clinical data. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure, BMI, lipid panels, diabetic markers, and C-reactive protein concentrations estimated inflammation.
Results
Wave IV Add Health members averaged 28 years old, with about 53% female. The model was 66% Non-Hispanic White.
Inflammation and obesity were the most common cardiometabolic health outcomes, with 38.7% and 37.8%, respectively. Hypertension (26.1%) and metabolic syndrome (20.7%) followed.
The researchers found that non-Hispanic White and Black people had the greatest O3 exposure levels.
After correcting for race/ethnicity, age, and sex using generalized estimating equations (GEEs), the study indicated that O3 exposure from 2002-2007 increased the risk of hypertension, diabetes, obesity, and metabolic syndrome.
After controlling for age, race/ethnicity, and sex, 2002-07 PM2.5 exposure increased hypertension risk.
The study linked O3 exposure to hypertension, diabetes, obesity, inflammation, and metabolic syndrome. PM2.5 also caused hypertension. Based on 2002-07 PM2.5 readings, people were classified as low or high exposure.
PM2 exposed 6,905 of 11,259 people.5, whereas 4,354 had PM2 exposure.from 2002-07. No one in the dataset had O3 exposure below 70 ppb, the National Ambient Air Quality Standard for O3.
O3 exposure increased BMI by 0.35%, HbA1c by 0.10%, and hsCRP by 1.1%. PM2.5 exposure did not affect BMI, HbA1c, or hsCRP.
A one-unit increase in PM2.5 exposure was associated with -0.22% BMI, -0.13% HbA1c, and 0.11% hs-CRP.
Conclusion
Between 2002 and 2007, O3 exposure was connected to hypertension, diabetes, obesity, and metabolic syndrome.
O3 exposure elevated diabetes, obesity, inflammation, and metabolic syndrome in a two-year delayed period between 2006 and 2007.
Longitudinal studies with repeated biological analysis can assist estimate environmental exposures throughout crucial development periods.
